Team Composition: Each team consists of 6 players on the court at a time, with a maximum of 12 players on the roster. Teams may make substitutions during stoppages, with a limited number of substitutions per set (typically 6 per set).
Match Duration: A standard match is played in a best-of-3 or best-of-5 sets format. Each set is played to 25 points, and a team must win by at least 2 points. If the match goes to a 5th set, it is played to 15 points.
Scoring: Points are scored when the ball lands in the opponent’s court or when the opposing team commits a fault. A point is awarded for each rally, with a rally being won by the team that successfully returns the ball to the opponent’s side.
Service Rules: The match begins with a serve from behind the baseline. The ball must be served over the net and into the opponent's court. A player is allowed to serve from anywhere behind the end line, but must not step on or over it while serving. If the ball hits the net but lands in the opponent's court, the serve is considered good.
Rotation and Positioning: Players must rotate positions in a clockwise direction after winning a point on the opponent’s serve. After the rotation, players must be positioned correctly: 3 players at the net (front row) and 3 players at the back (back row). Back-row players are not allowed to attack the ball above the net’s height.
Fouls and Faults: Common faults include double hits (a player hitting the ball twice in succession), carrying (holding or lifting the ball), net violations (touching the net), and stepping over the centerline. A fault results in a point for the opposing team.