Team Composition: Each team consists of 6 players, including a captain. Teams may have both male and female players depending on the event category, with a minimum number of female players required in mixed-gender events.
Match Duration: A standard match is played in 2 sets, with each set going up to 25 points. If the score is tied, a third deciding set may be played (also up to 15 points). A team must win by a minimum of 2 points.
Scoring: The objective is to score points by throwing the ball over the net and into the opponent's court. A point is awarded when the opposing team fails to return the ball properly or commits a fault.
Service Rules: The match begins with a service from behind the baseline. The ball must be thrown over the net, and the server must avoid stepping over the baseline or hitting the net. A valid serve lands in the opponent's court.
Possession and Passing: Players can hit the ball up to 3 times per side before sending it over the net. The ball must not be caught, carried, or lifted, and players are prohibited from hitting the ball consecutively.
Substitutions: Each team is allowed a limited number of substitutions during the match (usually 3-5). Substituted players can only re-enter after a stoppage and with the referee's approval.